substantif (masculin) : Soi, soi-même
attan （m．） & atta （the latter is the form used in compn．） [Vedic ātman，not to Gr．a]νemos = Lat．animus，but to Gr．a）tmόs steam，Ohg．ātum breath，Ags．aepm]．– I．Inflection．（1） of attan- （n．stem）; the foll．cases are the most freq．：Acc．attānaṃ D．I，13，185; S．I，24; Sn．132，451．– Gen．Dat．attano Sn．334，592 etc．，also as Abl．A．III，337 （attano ca parato ca as regards himself and others）．– Instr．Abl．attanā S．I，24; Sn．132，451; DhA．II，75; PvA．15，214 etc．On use of attanā see below III，1 C．– Loc．attani S．V，177; A．I，149 （attanī metri causa）; II，52 （anattani）; III，181; M．I，138; Sn．666，756，784; Vbh．376 （an°）．– （2） of atta- （a-stem） we find the foll．cases：Acc．attaṃ Dh．379．– Instr．attena S．IV，54．– Abl．attato S．I，188; Ps．I，143; II，48; Vbh．336．
Meanings．1．The soul as postulated in the animistic theories held in N India in the 6th and 7th cent．B．C．It is described in the Upanishads as a small creature，in shape like a man，dwelling in ordinary times in the heart．It escapes from the body in sleep or trance; when it returns to the body life and motion reappear．It escapes from the body at death，then continues to carry on an everlasting life of its own．For numerous other details see Rh．D．Theory of Soul in the Upanishads J R A S 1899．Bt．India 251–255．Buddhism repudiated all such theories，thus differing from other religions．Sixteen such theories about the soul D．I，31．Seven other theories D．I，34．Three others D．I，186/7．A “soul＂ according to general belief was some thing permanent，unchangeable，not affected by sorrow S．IV，54 = Kvu 67; Vin．I，14; M．I，138．See also M．I，233; III，265，271; S．II，17，109; III，135; A．I，284; II，164，171; V，188; S．IV，400．Cp．ātuman，tuma，puggala，jīva，satta，pāṇa and nāma-rūpa．
2．Oneself，himself，yourself．Nom．attā，very rare．S．I，71，169; III，120; A．I，57，149 （you yourself know whether that is true or false．Cp．Manu VIII，84．Here attā comes very near to the European idea of conscience．But conscience as a unity or entity is not accepted by Buddhism） Sn．284; Dh．166，380; Miln．54 （the image，outward appearance，of oneself）．Acc．attānaṁ S．I，44 （would not give for himself，as a slave） A．I，89; Sn．709．Acc．attaṁ Dh．379．Abl．attato as oneself S．I，188; Ps．I，143; II，48; Vbh．336．Loc．attani A．I，149; III，181; Sn．666，784．Instr．attanā S．I，57 = Dh．66; S．I，75; II，68; A．I，53; III，211; IV，405; Dh．165．On one’s own account，spontaneously S．IV，307; V，354; A．I，297; II，99，218; III，81; J．I，156; PvA．15，20．In composition with numerals attadutiya himself and one other D．II，147; °catuttha with himself as fourth M．I，393; A．III，36; °pañcama Dpvs VIII，2; °sattama J．I，233; °aṭṭhama VvA．149 （as atta-naṭṭhama Vv 3413），& °aṭṭhamaka Miln．291．
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ātman [an_2] pn. * r. on, se, soi (aux 3 pers.) — m. souffle | principe de vie; âme; esprit, intelligence; soi | essence, caractère, nature; particularité; corps | phil. [upaniṣad] np. d'Ātmā, «le Soi» ou Âme universelle, essence immuable de l'Être, forme microcosmique du brahman | phil. l'Âme, l'une des 9 substances [dravya_1] du vaiśeṣika — m. ātma ifc. dont l'esprit est || gr. ατμος; all. Odem; fr. âme, atmosphère; pali attā.