verbe : prendre, se saisir de, s'emparer de, assumer
gaṇhati & gaṇhāti [Vedic grah (grabh), gṛhṇāti pp. gṛhīta to grasp. *gher to hold, hold in, contain; cp. Gr. xo/rtos enclosure, Lat. hortus, co – hors (homestead); Goth. gards (house); Ohg. gart; E. yard & garden. To this belong Vedic gṛha (house) in P. gaha˚, gihin, geha, ghara, & also Vedic harati to seize, hasta hand].
The forms of the verb are from three bases, viz.
(1) gaṇha- (Sk. gṛhṇā – ); Pres.: ind. gaṇhāti (gaṇhāsi PvA 87), pot. gaṇheyya, imper. gaṇha (J i.159; PvA 49=handa) & gaṇhāhi (J i.279). Fut. gaṇhissati ; Aor. gaṇhi. Inf. gaṇhituṃ (J iii.281). Ger. gaṇhitvā. Caus. ganhāpeti & gāhāpeti.
(2) gahe – (Sk. gṛhī – ): Fut. gahessati. Aor. aggahesi (Sn 847; J i.52). Inf. gahetuṃ (J i.190, 222). Ger. gahetvā & gahetvāna (poet.) (Sn 309; Pv ii.3).
(3) gah – (Sk. gṛh – ): Aor. aggahi. Ger. gayha & gahāya (Sn 791). Pass. gayhati. Pp. gahita & gahīta. Cp. gaha, gahaṇa, gāha.
Meanings: to take, take up; take hold of; grasp, seize; assume; e. g. ovādaṃ g. to take advice J i.159; khaggaṃ to seize the sword J i.254 – 255; gocaraṃ to take food J iii.275; jane to seize people J i.253; dhanaṃ to grasp the treasure J i.255; nagaraṃ to occupy the city J i.202; pāde gāḷhaṃ gahetvā holding her feet tight J i.255; macche to catch fish J iii.52; mantaṃ to use a charm J iii.280; rajjaṃ to seize the kingdom J i.263; ii.102; sākhaṃ to take hold of a branch Sn 791; J i.52. Very often as a phrase to be translated by a single word, as: nāmato g. to enumerate PvA 18; paṭisandhiṃ g. to be born J i.149; maraṇaṃ g. to die J i.151; mūlena g. to buy J iii.126; vacanaṃ g. to obey J iii.276 (in neg.). The ger. gahetvā is very often simply to be translated as “with,” e. g. tidaṇḍaṃ gahetvā caranto J ii.317; satta bhikkhū gahetvā agamāsi VvA 149.
Caus. gaṇhāpeti to cause to be seized, to procure, to have taken: phalāni J ii.105; rājānaṃ J i.264. Cp. gāhāpeti.
grah var. grabh v. [9] pr. (gṛhṇāti) pr. md. (gṛhṇīte) imp. (gṛhāṇa) pft. (jagrāha) aor. [3] (ajigrahat) aor. [5] (agrahīt) pp. (gṛhīta, gṛbhīta) abs. (gṛhītvā, -gṛhya) pfp. (grāhya, gṛhya) inf. (grahītum) pf. (anu, abhi, upa, ni, pari, pra, prati, vi, sam) prendre, saisir, s'emparer de, acquérir; gagner | appréhender, comprendre | recevoir, accepter | éclipser; dérober | capturer, faire prisonnier; terrasser — ps. (gṛhyate) être pris, être saisi — ca. (grāhayati) faire prendre, donner, rendre — dés. (jighṛkṣati) cf. jighṛkṣ || ang. to grab ; all. greifen ; fr. agripper, griffe.