du

du- / dur-

préfixe (invariable) :
(1) mauvais, mal, difficile (cf. dukkha)

  • en composition : dur devant voyelle ; du- devant consonne ou entraîne souvent un redoublement de la consonne initiale du mot avec lequel il entre en composition (exemples : dukkata [du(k)kata] ; duggati [du(g)gati]) ; le “v” se transforme en “b” (dubbaca [du+vaca])
  • étymologie : skt. dus- ; gr. δυσ [dys-] ; lat. di- (difficilis, “difficile”) ; fr. préfixe dys- (ex. dysfonctionnement)

(2) en composition : deux [voir dvi]

Pali-English Dictionary, TW Rhys Davids, William Stede

du- (1) (& before vowels dur-) (indecl.) [Sk.duḥ & duṣ=Gr.duζ–,Oir.du-,Ohg.zur-,zer-; antithetic prefix,generally opposed to su°=Gr.eu]– etc.Ultimately identical with du2 in sense of asunder,apart,away from= opposite or wrong] 1.syllable of exclamation (=duḥ) “bad,woe” (beginning the word du (j) –jīvitaṁ) DhA.II,6,10=PvA.280,cp.J.III,47; Bdhgh’s expln of the syllable see at Vism.494.– 2.prefix,implying perverseness,difficulty,badness (cp.dukkha).Original form *duḥ is preserved at dur- before vowels,but assimilated to a foll.consonant according to the rules of Assimilation,i.e.the cons.is doubled,with changes of v to bb & usual lengthening dū before r (but also du°).For purposes of convenience all cpds.with du° are referred to the simplex,e.g.dukkaṭa is to be looked up under kata,duggati under gati etc.
See:A.dur°.akkhāta, accaya, atikkama, atta, adhiroha, anta, annaya, abhisambhava ; āgata, ājāna, āyuta, āsada ; itthi ; ukkhepa, ubbaha.– B.du°: (k)kata, kara; (g)ga, gata, gati, gandha, gahīta ; (c)caja, carita, cola ; (j)jaha, jāna, jivha, jīvita ; (t)tappaya, tara ; (d)dama, dasika ; (n)naya, nikkhaya, nikkhitta, niggaha, nijjhāpaya, nibbedha, nīta; (p)pañña, paṭiānaya, paṭinissaggin, paṭipadā, paṭivijjha, paṭivedha, pabhajja, pamuñca, pameyya, parihāra, payāta, pasu, peyya, posa ; (p)phassa ; (bb=b) : bala, balika, budha ; (bb=v) : dubbaca=) vaca, vacana, vaṇṇa, vijāna, vidū, vinivijjha, visodha, vuṭṭhika ; (b) bhaga, bhara, bhāsita, bhikkha ; (m)mati, mana, maṅku, mukha, mejjha, medha ; (y)yiṭṭha, yuja, yutta ; (du+r) = du-ratta, ropaya (dū+r) : dū-rakkha ; (l)labha ; (s)saddhapaya, sassa, saha, sīla ; hara

du- (2) in cpds.meaning two°; see dvi B II.

Dictionnaire Héritage du Sanscrit, Inria, Gérard Huet (dir.)

dus var. dur, duś, duṣ, duḥ pf. mal, mauvais, difficile, dangereux, inférieur || fr. dys.

 
du.txt · Dernière modification : 2023/03/25 09:09 de dtrotignon
 
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