====== du ====== ===== du- / dur- ===== //préfixe// (invariable) : \\ (1) **mauvais**, **mal**, difficile (cf. [[dukkha|dukkha]]) * en composition : **dur** devant voyelle ; **du-** devant consonne ou entraîne souvent un redoublement de la consonne initiale du mot avec lequel il entre en composition (exemples : //dukkata// [du(k)kata] ; //duggati// [du(g)gati]) ; le "v" se transforme en "b" (//dubbaca// [du+vaca]) * étymologie : skt. //dus//- ; gr. δυσ [//dys//-] ; lat. //di//- (//difficilis//, "difficile") ; fr. préfixe //dys//- (ex. dysfonctionnement) (2) en composition : **deux** [voir [[dvi|dvi]]] =====Pali-English Dictionary, TW Rhys Davids, William Stede===== **du- (1)** (& before vowels **dur-**) (indecl.) [Sk.duḥ & duṣ=Gr.duζ--,Oir.du-,Ohg.zur-,zer-; antithetic prefix,generally opposed to su°=Gr.eu]-- etc.Ultimately identical with du2 in sense of asunder,apart,away from= opposite or wrong] 1.syllable of exclamation (=duḥ) “bad,woe” (beginning the word du (j) --jīvitaṁ) DhA.II,6,10=PvA.280,cp.J.III,47; Bdhgh’s expln of the syllable see at Vism.494.-- 2.prefix,implying perverseness,difficulty,badness (cp.dukkha).Original form *duḥ is preserved at dur- before vowels,but assimilated to a foll.consonant according to the rules of Assimilation,i.e.the cons.is doubled,with changes of v to bb & usual lengthening dū before r (but also du°).For purposes of convenience all cpds.with du° are referred to the simplex,e.g.dukkaṭa is to be looked up under kata,duggati under gati etc.\\ See:A.dur°.akkhāta, accaya, atikkama, atta, adhiroha, anta, annaya, abhisambhava ; āgata, ājāna, āyuta, āsada ; itthi ; ukkhepa, ubbaha.-- B.du°: (k)kata, kara; (g)ga, gata, gati, gandha, gahīta ; (c)caja, carita, cola ; (j)jaha, jāna, jivha, jīvita ; (t)tappaya, tara ; (d)dama, dasika ; (n)naya, nikkhaya, nikkhitta, niggaha, nijjhāpaya, nibbedha, nīta; (p)pañña, paṭiānaya, paṭinissaggin, paṭipadā, paṭivijjha, paṭivedha, pabhajja, pamuñca, pameyya, parihāra, payāta, pasu, peyya, posa ; (p)phassa ; (bb=b) : bala, balika, budha ; (bb=v) : dubbaca=) vaca, vacana, vaṇṇa, vijāna, vidū, vinivijjha, visodha, vuṭṭhika ; (b) bhaga, bhara, bhāsita, bhikkha ; (m)mati, mana, maṅku, mukha, mejjha, medha ; (y)yiṭṭha, yuja, yutta ; (du+r) = du-ratta, ropaya (dū+r) : dū-rakkha ; (l)labha ; (s)saddhapaya, sassa, saha, sīla ; hara\\ **du- (2)** in cpds.meaning two°; see dvi B II. =====Dictionnaire Héritage du Sanscrit, Inria, Gérard Huet (dir.)===== **dus** var. **dur**, **duś**, **duṣ**, **duḥ** pf. mal, mauvais, difficile, dangereux, inférieur || fr. dys.